Philosophy batch: research record
Checked 30 October 2026. This batch contains 25 original articles: nine ethics, seven identity, nine consciousness. Academic encyclopedia discussions and university teaching materials support the collection, with directly retrieved original texts for Thomson, Wittgenstein, and Chalmers. Retrieval verifies source coverage, not agreement with an argument or a definitive resolution of philosophical debate.
Retrieval limits
Singer’s UCA university copy was visible in search-index evidence but a direct open timed out; an LSE PDF result returned 404 and was deliberately excluded. A full reproduction of Singer’s original essay was subsequently directly retrieved from Giving What We Can and added as a primary-text reference. Nagel’s university-hosted original paper was subsequently opened successfully as a 17-page PDF; the bibliography is also corroborated by publisher results. The utility-monster source was read at abstract/record level only; the full article was not reviewed. Most other historical works were not independently consulted in full and are represented through academic discussions. The Harvard teaching page supports the Survival Lottery scenario and attribution; its original 1975 article was not retrieved. No invented quotations or DOIs are used.
Sources retrieved or indexed
- Tamar Gendler, The Trolley Problem, Open Yale Courses — https://oyc.yale.edu/philosophy/phil-181/lecture-14. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Judith Jarvis Thomson, A Defense of Abortion (1971), university-hosted text — https://spot.colorado.edu/~heathwoo/Phil160,Fall02/thomson.htm. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, The Experience Machine — https://iep.utm.edu/experience-machine/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Utilitas, Negative Utility Monsters, abstract and bibliographic record — https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/utilitas/article/abs/negative-utility-monsters/03A3CD2DF0B295A4F1B1EDC69F77597C. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, The Repugnant Conclusion — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/repugnant-conclusion/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, The Nonidentity Problem — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/nonidentity-problem/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Peter Singer, Famine, Affluence, and Morality (1972), university-hosted text, search-index evidence — https://faculty.uca.edu/rnovy/Singer–FamineAffluence%26Morality.htm. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Search-index evidence; direct open timed out.
- Harvard ABLConnect, Thought Experiment of the Day, quoting John Harris — https://ablconnect.harvard.edu/book/thought-experiment-day. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- S. Marc Cohen, Identity, Persistence, and the Ship of Theseus, University of Washington — https://staff.washington.edu/smcohen/320/theseus.html. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Personal Identity — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-personal/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Locke on Personal Identity — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/locke-personal-identity/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Donald Davidson — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/davidson/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Open University Digital Archive, Philosophy in the Open: Debates and Discussions — https://www.open.ac.uk/library/digital-archive/exhibition/330/theme/1/page/14. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened in a subsequent source-strengthening pass.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Reid on Memory and Personal Identity — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/reid-memory-identity/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Qualia: The Knowledge Argument — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qualia-knowledge/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Zombies — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/zombies/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, The Chinese Room Argument — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/chinese-room/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Inverted Qualia — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qualia-inverted/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Thomas Nagel, What Is It Like to Be a Bat? (1974), university-hosted paper, search-index evidence — https://home.csulb.edu/~cwallis/382/readings/482/nagel.what.is.it.like.to.be.a.bat.1974.pdf. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened in a subsequent source-strengthening pass.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Qualia — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qualia/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Leibniz’s Philosophy of Mind — https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/leibniz-mind/. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened in a subsequent source-strengthening pass.
- Ludwig Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations §293, Stanford-hosted excerpt — https://web.stanford.edu/~paulsko/Wittgenstein293.html. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
- David Chalmers, Absent Qualia, Fading Qualia, Dancing Qualia (1995), author’s text — https://consc.net/papers/qualia.html. Supports associated scenario and discussion. Directly opened and retrieved during production.
Source strengthening
Directly retrieved SEP Leibniz’s Philosophy of Mind; Open University’s Amy Kind essay with Brownson; original Nagel PDF; original Singer essay reproduction at https://www.givingwhatwecan.org/get-involved/videos-books-and-essays/famine-affluence-and-morality-peter-singer . Added SEP Consequentialism (https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consequentialism/) and IEP Robert Nozick (https://iep.utm.edu/nozick/) for utility-monster theoretical context; neither is claimed to independently describe the monster. The publisher abstract and bibliographic record remain the source of that scenario and historical attribution.